The reader of this book is about to encounter a rare intellectual treat. Once every 20 to 25 years, a work appears on the scene that simultaneously integrates a field of knowledge and markedly advances that field. Two decades ago, such a book was Nico Frijda’s masterpiece, The emotions (1986), which was both a superlative though selective review of the literature on emotion, and a power…
As we approach the start of a new century, it is apparent that science and technology (S&T) will continue to play a pivotal role in modern life. Skilled workers will be needed at all levels. Many of these workers will be drawn from the pool of students presently passing through school systems around the world; the remainder represent workers already employed who will need to maintain their tech…
In response to a request from the Department of Health and Human Services, the Institute of Medicine convened a committee to produce a detailed plan to facilitate the development of data standards applicable to the collection, coding, and classification of patient safety in- formation. Americans should be able to count on receiving health care that is safe. To achieve this, a new health care d…
The United States faces the real possibility of a catastrophic public health event that involves tens of thousands or hundreds of thousands of victims. Public health emergencies—such as the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, an intentional anthrax release, infectious disease threats such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), fires, floods, earthquakes, and hurri- canes—highlight the ever-changing t…
In June 2009 the Institute of Medicine’s (IOM’s) Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Catastrophic Events held a workshop with the goal of convening many of the best minds in health preparedness for a wide-ranging update on preparations for a major public health threat. For the health community, a primary issue at hand before and during a catastrophic incident is how to prov…
The number of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in the United States is growing each year largely due both to advances in treatment that allow HIV-infected individuals to live longer and healthier lives and to a steady number of new HIV infections each year. The U.S. Centers for Dis- ease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that there were 1.2 million people living with HIV infection in th…
Risk management has become a much- discussed topic in the outdoor education literature in recent years, and a number of approaches to it have been proposed. When I started my career in outdoor education the term risk management had not yet entered the vocabulary. We did, though, talk about safety planning and its prime aim was the protection of program participants from harm. The term ‘risk m…
The Global Water Supply and Sanitation Assessment 2000, a report prepared jointly by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), indicated that nearly 1.1 billion (1100 million) people have no access to improved water sources and that about 2.4 billion have no access to any form of improved sanitation facilities, with the vast majority of these people …
In the United States, approximately 14 million people are cancer survivors and more than 1.6 million people are newly diagnosed with cancer each year. By 2022, it is projected that there will be 18 million cancer survivors and, by 2030, 2.3 million people are expected to be newly diagnosed with cancer each year. However, more than a decade after the Institute of Medicine (IOM) first addressed t…
This book is a tutorial on Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB). It’s about EJB concepts, methodology, and development. This book also contains a number of advanced EJB topics, giving you a practical and real-world understanding of the subject. By reading this book, you will acquire a deep understanding of EJB. Make no mistake about it—what you are about to read is not easy. EJB incorporates concept…
Electronic commerce (e-commerce) is part of our everyday lives. Whether we purchase a book on Amazon.com, sell a DVD on eBay.com, or click on a sponsored link on Google.com, e-commerce surrounds us. E-commerce also produces a large amount of data: When we click, bid, rate, or pay, our digital “footprints” are recorded and stored. Yet, despite this abundance of available data, the field of …
Health care waste management (HCWM) has been described as “a process to help ensure proper hospital hygiene and the safety of health care workers and communities. It includes planning and procurement, construction, staff training and behavior, proper use of tools, machines and pharmaceuticals, proper disposal methods inside and outside the hospital, and evaluation.”1 Health care waste manag…
Before the enactment of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 (“IIRIRA”), the decision as to whether an alien was subject to deportation proceedings or exclusion proceedings was based on whether or not the alien had made an “entry” into the U.S. An alien who had made an entry was entitled to a deportation hearing and the greater procedural safeguards it…
Intermediate Accounting Works Intermediate Accounting is the market-leading textbook in providing the tools needed to understand what GAAP is and how it is applied in practice. With this Fourteenth Edition, we strive to continue to provide the material needed to understand this subject area. The book is comprehensive and up-to-date, and provides the instructor with flexibility in the topics …
A normal developing foot turns into a Clubfoot around the 3rd month of foetal life. Etiological factors for the development of the deformity seem to be active for several years explaining relapses after correction. The aetiology is not exactly known, but is believed that genetic and extrinsic factors are involved. Fibrosis, meaning a pathological increase of connective tissue, seems to be the m…
This is the reference document for RiskMetrics. It covers all aspects of RiskMetrics and super- sedes all previous editions of the Technical Document. It is meant to serve as a reference to the methodology of statistical estimation of market risk, as well as detailed documentation of the ana- lytics that generate the data sets that are published daily on our Internet Web sites. This documen…
Many of the elements of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) went into effect in 2014, and with the establishment of many new rules and regulations, there will continue to be significant changes to the U.S. health care system. It is not clear what impact these changes will have on medical and public health preparedness programs around the country. Although there has been tremendous progress since 2005…
The Global Water Supply and Sanitation Assessment 2000, a report prepared jointly by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), indicated that nearly 1.1 billion (1100 million) people have no access to improved water sources and that about 2.4 billion have no access to any form of improved sanitation facilities, with the vast majority of these people …
There are many different computing and networking technologies — some available today, some just now emerging, some well-proven, some quite experimental. Understanding the computing dilemma more completely involves recognizing technologies; especially since a single technology by itself seldom suffices, and instead, multiple technologies are usually necessary. This document describes a sampl…