In this introductory chapter, the subject of the book is explained in more detail by focusing on two central issues of the control of networks: open-loop control of interconnected systems and synchronization. While the first topic emphasizes the computational aspects involved in controlling interconnected systems, the second theme of synchronization discusses the impact of couplings on the shap…
Subsequent to the mathematical theory of electromagnetic waves formulated by James Clerk Maxwell in 1873 [3] and the demonstration of the existence of these waves by Heinrich Hertz in 1887, Guglielmo Marconi made history by using radio waves for transat- lantic wireless communications in 1901. In 1906, amplitude modulation (AM) radio was invented by Reginald Fessenden for music broadcasting. In…
Public, Internet-based social networks can enable communication, collaboration and information collection and sharing in the health care space. About one-third of Americans who go online to research their health currently use social networks to find fellow patients and discuss their conditions,1,2 and 36 percent of social network users evaluate and leverage other consumers’ knowledge before m…
Over the last few decades project management has moved from its roots in industries such as construction and defense into the main- stream of American business. Many different industries, in particular the service sector, rely heavily on project management as an integral part of a successful strategy. In support of the widening importance of project management, a number of important professiona…
The role of inancial executives in any business has expanded signiicantly in recent years as companies become more accountable to their stake- holders and regulators. Combine this increase in accountability with the increasing sophistication of technology, risk management, inancial analy- sis, and inancial records processing, and we see that the responsibilities of inancial executives in any or…
The strategic management of human capital in public education concerns the acquisition, development, performance management and retention of top talent in the nation’s schools, particularly large, urban school districts. The Strategic Management of Human Capital (SMHC) is also the name of a new action project of the Consortium for Policy Research in Education (CPRE), headquartered at the CPRE…
“Maidan” is how the residents of the Ukrainian capital, Kyiv, usually abbreviate the name of their city’s main plaza, Maidan Nezalezhnosti (Independence Square). In recent times this name has also come to connote a space of popular protests and people power in general. “Maidan” is a Turkic word for a square, and Ukrainians likely borrowed it from the Crimean Tatars or other Turkic-spe…
Questions have been raised about the social impact of widespread use of social networking sites (SNS) like Facebook, LinkedIn, MySpace, and Twitter. Do these technologies isolate people and truncate their relationships? Or are there benefits associated with being connected to others in this way? The Pew Research Center’s Internet & American Life Project decided to examine SNS in a survey that…
Web-based communities have become important places for people to seek and share expertise. We find that networks in these communities typically differ in their topology from other online networks such as the World Wide Web. Systems targeted to augment web-based communities by automatically identifying users with expertise, for example, need to adapt to the underlying interaction dynamics. In th…
The ability to send and retrieve information over the Web using traditional and ubiquitous computing methods has changed the way we work and live. Web portals, as content aggregates, act as gateways to pertinent and up- to-date information. Social networking portals are a recent development, allow- ing a user to create and maintain a network of close friends or business associ- ates for social …
This study examines if Facebook, one of the most popular social network sites among college students in the U.S., is related to attitudes and behaviors that enhance individuals’ social capital. Using data from a random web survey of college students across Texas (n = 2,603), we find positive relationships between intensity of Facebook use and students’ life satisfaction, social trust, civi…
Social networking sites have been rapidly adopted by children and, especially, teenagers and young people world wide, enabling new opportunities for the presentation of the self, learning, construction of a wide circle of relationships, and the management of privacy and intimacy. On the other hand, there are also concerns that social networking increases the likelihood of new risks to the self,…
Make a concerted effort to meet and talk to people who can help advance your career –Established researchers –Program directors –Your contemporaries –People who can provide good technical advice –People who can introduce you to any of the above
The last time Apple updated the Mac operating system—2009’s Snow Leopard release—the most noteworthy changes happened under the hood. That’s not the case with Lion, the next major version of Mac OS X. Apple has gradually pulled back the curtain on a pretty significant shift for the Mac OS, influenced in large part by Apple’s mobile operating system, iOS. Lion’s big changes naturall…
Bluetooth is a technology for short range wireless data and realtime two-way voice transfer providing data rates up to 3 Mb/s. It can be used to connect almost any device to another device. Bluetooth-enabled devices, such as mobile phones, headsets, PCs, laptops, printers, mice, and keyboards, are widely used all over the world. Already in 2006, the one billionth Bluetooth device was shipped, a…