The United Nations Joint Staff Pension Fund (“UNJSPF”) administers a diverse and complex international public pension system based on a fully funded defined-benefit pension scheme. In 2009, annual pension benefits payments amounting to 1.9 billion USD dollars were paid in 15 currencies, there were some 110,000 participants and 60,000 pensioners/ beneficiaries residing and/or working in …
Recent years have been tumultuous in the agricultural sector. Price volatility has increased, with sharp swings in product and input prices. Markets have been affected by macro-economic disturbances, disease outbreaks and adverse weather events such as floods and droughts. The latter may become more frequent through climate change. With agricultural policies that are more decoupled from product…
The purpose of the guidelines is to highlight the significance of strategic management and strategic planning, and to provide assistance to SAIs on how they should be strategically positioned to meet the challenges of both their internal and external environments. It is intended that the guidelines are used by all SAIs within the PASAI region
Established businesses are trying to take advantage of the opportunities and minimize the threats presented by e-business. Although e-business has emerged as a strategic imperative for many firms, v/e found that vision and strategy paled in importance compared to learning and implementation in the process of transforming to an e-business organization. Regardless of their strategic objectives…
This document is a practical guide for integrating software risk management into a software project. The purpose of Risk Management is to identify, assess and control project risks. Identified risks are analyzed to determine their potential impact and likelihood of occurrence. Risk Management Plans are developed to document the project’s approach to risk management, risks, and decisions made …
This report and set of recommendations was produced pursuant to New Jersey Executive Order #97 which created the New Jersey Invasive Species Council with the charge of completing a comprehensive invasive species management plan for the State of New Jersey. New Jersey has abundant biodiversity, natural resources and agricultural resources that are highly worth protecting for our citizens, bo…
We live in a world of risk. Some risks are totally unexpected. The September 11, 2001 World Trade Centre attacks in the US, the Tsunami of December 2004, Hurricane Katrina of August 2005, and the Mumbai terrorist strikes of November 2008 are good examples. Other risks can be identified but the magnitude and extent are difficult to estimate. The sub prime crisis is a good example. Not all risks …
The concepts of flood risk management (FRM) have been widely embraced over the past decade. In many instances this conceptual acceptance has resulted in changes to decision-making practice, highlighting risk management as potentially more complex, but more efficient and effective in delivering multiple goals, than a traditional engineering standards-based approach. In particular, the emergence…
The health care industry is currently experiencing numerous fundamental changes. Healthcare organizations (HCOs) are increasingly challenged to look at their operations and find new opportunities to reorganize their processes, in order to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of their services, reduce costs, be more competitive, and also provide high quality and more personalized patient car…
Allocating and managing resources has always been an important cornerstone of institutional leadership. Institutional resources include financial, physical and human components. Even in the best of times, it is a challenge to do this effectively. In times of diminished and shrinking resources, the difficulties of distributing these precious commodities across the institution in the most equi…
With great speed and relatively little public awareness, a significant change has occurred in the way some decisions are made about a patient's medical care. Decisions that were once the exclusive province of the doctor and patient now may be examined in advance by an external reviewer—someone accountable to an employer, insurer, health maintenance organization (HMO), or other entity responsi…
In 1999, the multidisciplinary Tavistock group prepared a generic statement of ethical principles to govern health care systems. This paper elaborates on these principles in two directions. First, it develops a set of quality standards, based on ethical principles, intended to regulate health care delivery and service management. Second, it focuses them on ‘publicly oriented’ (not necessari…
The Accounting Education Change Commission has recommended accounting courses include a focus on non-technical skills, such as written and oral communication, teamwork, problem solving, and critical thinking skills. Employers of entry-level managerial accountants have indicated these skills are necessary, but that students are also lacking in technical cost or managerial accounting preparat…
Financial risk management is a huge field with diverse and evolving components, as evidenced by both its historical development (e.g. Diebold, 2012 ) and current best practice (e.g. Stulz, 2002 ). One such component—probably the key component—is risk measurement , in particular the measurement of financial asset-return volatilities and correlations (henceforth “volatilities”). Cruci…
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of firm size on enterprise risk management for the listed firms in Kenya. Effectiveness of enterprise risk management is measured by financial performance of the listed firms. A descriptive research design was used. Theoretically, ERM adds value to an organization, however there is disagreement among scholars on whether ERM add value to a…