Information storage is a central pillar of information technology. A large quantity of digital information is being created every moment by individual and corporate consumers of IT. This information needs to be stored, protected, optimized, and managed. Not long ago, information storage was seen as only a bunch of disks or tapes attached to the back of the computer to store data. Even today, o…
Telecommunications has been defined as a technology concerned with communicating from a distance, and we can categorize it in various ways. Figure 1.1 shows one possible view of the different sections of telecommuni- cations. It includes mechanical communication and electrical communica- tion because telecommunications has evolved from a mechanical to an electrical form using increasingly more …
Multimedia – an interactive presentation of speech, audio, video, graphics, and text, has become a major theme in today’s information technology that merges the practices of commications, computing, and information processing into an interdisciplinary field. In recent years, there has been a tremendous amount of activity in the area of multimedia communications: applications, middleware, a…
In this paper, we present a horizontal view of social influence, more specifically a quantitative study of the in- fluence of neighbours on the probability of a particular node to join a group, on four popular Online Social Networks (OSNs), namely Orkut, YouTube, LiveJournal, and Flickr. Neighbours in OSNs have a mutually acknowledged relation, most often defined as friendship, and they are…
The concept. Manufacturing industries worldwide are facing tough challenges as a consequence of the globalization of economy and the openness of the markets. Progress of the economic blocks such as the European Union, NAFTA, and MERCOSUR, and the global agreements such as GATT, in addition to their obvious economic and social consequences, provoke strong paradigm shifts in the way that the manu…
During the last two decades Information technology has grown tremendously and became the main source of knowledge. In past few years the world getting closer and closer this is only because of Social networking websites such as Facebook, Twitter etc. Yet with usefulness and the popularity, the misuse and cybercrime are more evident. So prevention and detection of these threats is…
Searching a web page or websites can be considered as a process of people/users enter the keyword on search engine and search engine give back a most relevant page based on Query/ Keyword. But result which is returned by the search engine and ranking of webpage is not efficient according to user/ People requirements. Earlier SEO helps to improve website ranking and still it is relevant but now …
In this paper we produce an algorithm for pre- senting messages to users in social networks that integrates reasoning about the message, the author, the recipient and the social network. Our proposed model was derived on the basis of immersion within three different existing social networking environments, that of Coursera, Reddit, and medical self-help groups such as PatientsLikeMe. We first …
The explosive growth of the Internet has led to the need for ubiquitous data and multimedia communications in the twenty-first century. In-home distribution of multimedia content is still a challenge, particularly for homes not equipped with specialized wiring to support high-speed data and multimedia communications. Retrofitting buildings with new wiring is prohibitively expensive and wirele…
Sovereign debt markets have demonstrated incredible resilience despite a century of dramatic political and economic upheaval. Among the most remarkable aspects of the contemporary debt regime is the degree to which expectations of borrowers remain relatively uniform even in the face of such major shifts. These basic expectations resolve into one background rule: sovereign borrowers must repa…
If you have more than one computer in your home, you should have a net- work. I used to consider that statement an opinion, but it’s so logical that I now think of it as a fact of nature. Nobody has ever presented a convincing (to me) argument that supports keeping multiple computers isolated from each other. Using and managing multiple computers is easier if you create a network. You don’…
As distance education continues to grow in its popularity, so does the use of social networking. Hindered by concerns associated with privacy and safety, social networking sites (SNSs) are frequently banned from educational settings. The following article presents the implementation of an alternative social networking site in distance education. Findings from this study highlight the benefits…
A life course approach to mental disorders is concerned with the interplay of social and biological factors in the production and consequences of mental illness over the life span—from the prenatal period to death and across generations. As described by Drs Kuh and Ben-Shlomo in the Preface, the life course approach to mental disorders draws on two foundations: the psychological life span per…
Originally the concept of culture was proposed only for humans, stressing the importance of social influences on its dynamics and development. Although there is no question that all human groups have different diverse, complex, and rich cultures, a debate begun in the early 1950s raised the issue of animal culture and what it may mean for the uniqueness of human culture. This chapter argues tha…
Freud is not dead. Far from it. In the year of the 150th anniversary of his birth we can truly say that his ideas are undergoing a renaissance. Freud is everywhere. And especially in neuroscience, we are taking a new look at his work and concluding that it is “still the most coherent and intellectually satisfying view of the mind” (Kandel, 1998) that we have. (Mark Solms, 2006, last page) …
As we all know, information is power. Many of you may not think of accounting as a means to get key information and to stay in control of your business operation. You probably think of the world of accounting as a place with a language you don’t understand. You view it as a necessary evil that you must have around in order to present the necessary reports to your investors and supporting fin…
The Disaster Risk Management (DRM) Systems Analysis Guide provides a set of tools and methods to assess existing structures and capacities of national, district and local institutions with responsibilities for Disaster Risk Management (DRM) in order to improve their effectiveness and the integration of DRM concerns into development planning, with particular reference to disaster-prone areas, …