Computer Science
Cryptography's Role in Securing the Information Society
For most of history, cryptography—the art and science of secret writing—has belonged to governments concerned about protecting their own secrets and about asserting their prerogatives for access to information relevant to national security and public safety. In the United States, cryp- tography policy has reflected the U.S. government’s needs for effective cryptographic protection of classified and other sensitive communica- tions as well as its needs to gather intelligence for national security pur- poses, needs that would be damaged by the widespread use of cryptogra- phy. National security concerns have motivated such actions as development of cryptographic technologies, development of countermeasures to reverse the effects of encryption, and control of cryptographic technologies for export.
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