At a time when the United States faces tremendous pressure from global competition, and the voices of external customers are growing louder and stronger, the quest for quality has never been more urgent. The very survival of organizations is acutely in jeopardy. The notion of quality has gone from being a socially provocative one to being a deliberate strategy for long-term viability. In t…
Peninsular Malaysia, then known as the Federation of Malaya, gained independence from Britain in 1957. An expanded federation of Malaysia was formed in September 1963 by federating the Federation of Malaya with the former Straits Settlements island colony of Singapore to the south of Malaya, Sabah (previously run by the British North Borneo Company, set up by royal charter) and the former Bro…
Discrete-time signal processing has appeared to be one of the major momenta to the advances of science and engineering over the past several decades be- cause of the rapid progress of digital and mixed-signal integrated circuits in processing speed, functionality, and cost effectiveness. In many science and engineering applications, the signals of interest are distorted by an unknown physical s…
The healthcare industry has experienced a proliferation of innovations aimed at enhancing life expectancy, quality of life, diagnostic and treatment options, as well as the efficiency and cost effectiveness of the healthcare system. Information technology has played a vital role in the innovation of healthcare systems. Despite the surge in innovation, theoretical research on the art and science…