In this chapter, we build first a univariate and then a multivariate filtered historical simulation (FHS) model for financial risk management. Both the univariate and multivariate methods simulate future returns from a model using historical return innovations. While the former relies on portfolio returns filtered by a dynamic variance model, the latter uses individual or base asset return …
The real options approach considers strategic management and decision-making as a process aimed at actively reducing exposition to downside risk and promoting exposition to upside opportunities. It stands at the hinge between pure finance and other areas of decision making under risk such as project evaluation, market entry and exit, organizational restructuring and re-engineering, technolo…